📘 JavaScript Operators

In JavaScript, operators are special symbols used to perform operations on values and variables.

For example:

let x = 5 + 3; // Here "+" is an operator

---

1. Arithmetic Operators

Used to perform basic mathematical operations.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
+	Addition	5 + 2	7
-	Subtraction	5 - 2	3
*	Multiplication	5 * 2	10
/	Division	10 / 2	5
%	Modulus (remainder)	5 % 2	1
**	Exponentiation	2 ** 3	8
++	Increment	let x=5; x++ → 6	Increases by 1
--	Decrement	let x=5; x-- → 4	Decreases by 1

---

2. Assignment Operators

Used to assign values to variables.

Operator	Example	Same as
=	x = 10	x = 10
+=	x += 5	x = x + 5
-=	x -= 5	x = x - 5
*=	x *= 5	x = x * 5
/=	x /= 5	x = x / 5
%=	x %= 5	x = x % 5
**=	x **= 2	x = x ** 2

---

3. Comparison Operators

Used to compare two values. They return true or false.

Operator	Meaning	Example	Result
==	Equal to (value only)	5 == "5"	true
===	Equal value & type	5 === "5"	false
!=	Not equal (value only)	5 != "5"	false
!==	Not equal (value + type)	5 !== "5"	true
>	Greater than	10 > 5	true
<	Less than	10 < 5	false
>=	Greater than or equal	10 >= 10	true
<=	Less than or equal	5 <= 10	true

---

4. Logical Operators

Used to combine conditions.

Operator	Meaning	Example	Result
&&	AND	(5 > 3 && 10 > 5)	true
||	OR	(5 > 3   ||    10 > 11)	true
!	NOT	!(5 > 3)	false

---

5. Bitwise Operators

Operate on binary numbers (rarely used for beginners, but important).

Operator	Name	Example
&	AND	5 & 1 → 1
|	OR	5 | 1 → 5
^	XOR	5 ^ 1 → 4
~	NOT	~5 → -6
<<	Left shift	5 << 1 → 10
>>	Right shift	5 >> 1 → 2

---

6. String Operators

The + operator can also concatenate strings.

let firstName = "Adib";
let lastName = "Mahfuj";
console.log(firstName + " " + lastName);
// Output: "Adib Mahfuj"

📌 += can also be used with strings:

let text = "Hello";
text += " World";
console.log(text); // "Hello World"

---

7. Type Operators

Operator	Usage
typeof	Returns the type of a variable → typeof 123 → "number"
instanceof	Checks if an object is an instance of a class → arr instanceof Array → true

---

8. Ternary Operator (?:)

Shortcut for an if-else statement.

let age = 18;
let result = (age >= 18) ? "Adult" : "Minor";
console.log(result); // Adult

---

🔑 Summary

• Arithmetic → Math operations

• Assignment → Assign values

• Comparison → Compare values (true/false)

• Logical → Combine conditions

• Bitwise → Binary operations

• String → Concatenation

• Type → Type checking

• Ternary → Short if-else